Theories of Growth and Development

The clinic nurse is preparing to explain the concepts of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development with a parent. The nurse should tell the parent that which factor motivates good and bad actions for the child at the preconventional level?

The maternity nurse is providing instructions to a new mother regarding the psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, the nurse instructs the mother to take which measure?

The nurse notes that a 6-year-old child does not recognize that objects exist when the objects are outside of the visual field. Based on this observation, which action should the nurse take?

A nursing student is presenting a clinical conference to peers regarding Freud’s psychosexual stages of development, specifically the anal stage. The student explains to the group that which characteristic relates to the anal stage?

The nurse is describing Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory to pediatric nursing staff. The nurse should tell that staff that which child behavior is characteristic of the formal operations stage?

The mother of an 8-year-old child tells the clinic nurse that she is concerned about the child because the child seems to be more attentive to friends than anything else. Using Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, the nurse should make which response?

The nurse educator is preparing to conduct a teaching session for the nursing staff regarding the theories of growth and development and plans to discuss Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. What information should the nurse include in the session? Select all that apply.

1. Individuals move through all 6 stages in a sequential fashion.
2. Moral development progresses in relationship to cognitive development.
3. A person’s ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time.
4. The theory provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to guide their behavior.
5. In stage 1 (punishment-obedience orientation), children are expected to reason as mature members of society.
6. In stage 2 (instrumental-relativist orientation), the child conforms to rules to obtain rewards or have favors returned.

A parent of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling constantly and having temper tantrums. Using Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, which instructions should the nurse provide to the parent? Select all that apply.

1. Set limits on the child’s behavior.
2. Ignore the child when this behavior occurs.
3. Allow the behavior, because this is normal at this age period.
4. Provide a simple explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable.
5. Punish the child every time the child says “no” to change the behavior.